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Victor Emmanuel II of Italy
Victor Emmanuel II was King of Sardinia from 23 March 1849 until 17 March 1861, when he assumed the title of King of Italy and became the first king of an independent, united Italy since the 6th century, a title he held until his death in 1878. Borrowing from the old Latin title Pater Patriae of the Roman emperors, the Italians gave him the epithet of "Father of the Fatherland".
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politics · King of Italy from 1861 to 1878 · monarch · sovereign · also Victor Emmanuel II of Italy, Victor Emmanuel II, Vittorio Emmanuele II, Victor Emanuel II, Vittorio Emmanuele II of Italy, Vittorio Emanuele Maria Alberto Eugenio Ferdinando Tommaso di Savoia
Born 14 March 1820 · Died 9 January 1878 · Q168691
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2026· 1 entry
1878· 3 entries
Died 1878-01-09.
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After meeting with the envoys of Pope Pius IX, who had reversed the excommunication, and received last rites
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Soon after his excommunication had been lifted, and was buried in the Pantheon
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1870· 2 entries
Victor Emmanuel also took advantage of the Prussian victory over France in the Franco-Prussian War to conquer the Papal States after the French withdrew
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After two failed attempts by Garibaldi, he also took advantage of the Prussian victory over France in the Franco-Prussian War to capture Rome after the French withdrew
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1869· 1 entry
Married morganatically his principal mistress Rosa Vercellana
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1866· 2 entries
Victor Emmanuel allied himself with Prussia in the Third Italian War of Independence
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The Third Italian War of Independence allowed Italy to annex Veneto
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1861· 1 entry
Career landmark: monarch of Italy (1861–1878).
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1860· 2 entries
Through local plebiscites, Tuscany, Modena, Parma, and Romagna decided to side with Piedmont–Sardinia
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Tuscany, Modena, Parma, and Romagna decided to side with Sardinia, and Victor Emmanuel then marched victoriously in the Marche and Umbria after the victorious Battle of Castelfidardo over the Papal forces
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1859· 1 entry
Started successfully; however, sickened by the casualties of the war and worried about the mobilisation of Prussian troops, Napoleon III secretly made a treaty with Franz Joseph of Austria at Villafranca whereby Piedmont
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1858· 1 entry
Met at Plombières-les-Bains (in Lorraine), where they agreed that if the French were to help Piedmont in its war against Austria, which still reigned over the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia in northern Italy, France wo
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1856· 1 entry
At the end of the war, Count Cavour arranged a secret meeting with the French emperor
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1855· 2 entries
Awarded Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold (1855).
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Sent an expeditionary corps to side with French and British forces during the Crimean War; the deployment of Italian troops to Crimea, and the gallantry shown by them in the Battle of the Chernaya (16 August 1855) and
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1852· 1 entry
Victor Emmanuel appointed Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, as Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia
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1849· 2 entries
Victor Emmanuel also fiercely suppressed a revolt in Genoa, defining the rebels as a "vile and infected race of canailles"
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When his father abdicated the throne, after being defeated by the Austrians at the Battle of Novara
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1844· 1 entry
Umberto (1844–1900), later King of Italy.
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1842· 2 entries
Married his cousin, Adelaide of Austria
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Victor Emmanuel married his paternal first cousin (aunt's daughter) Adelaide of Austria
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1839· 1 entry
Career landmark: King of Sardinia and Duke of Savoy (1839–1861).
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1820· 1 entry
Born 1820-03-14.
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