“1) There is no problem in science that can be solved by a man that cannot be solved by a woman.”
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Vera Rubin
Vera Florence Cooper Rubin was an American astronomer who pioneered work on galaxy rotation rates. She uncovered the discrepancy between the predicted and observed angular motion of galaxies by studying galactic rotation curves, the first evidence for the galaxy rotation problem, one key piece of evidence for dark matter. Measurements by other astronomers using 21 centimeter hydrogen line radio te…
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science · American astronomer (1928–2016) · physicist · astronomer · scientist · also Vera Rubin, Vera Cooper Rubin, Vera C. Rubin, Vera Cooper, Vera Florence Cooper Rubin, Rubin
Born 23 July 1928 · Died 25 December 2016 · Q234888
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2026· 4 entries
“Don't let anyone keep you down for silly reasons such as who you are. And don't worry about prizes and fame. The real prize is finding something new out there.”
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DatacenterDynamics: Nvidia partners with Noetra for 140MW Vera Rubin cluster in Japan
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Bloomberg: Nvidia’s Huang Says Vera Rubin on Track Despite Delay Talk
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2024· 1 entry
Nvidia announced that their next generation of data center accelerators would be named after her, with the CPU named Vera and GPU named Rubin
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2020· 2 entries
A satellite named after her (ÑuSat 18 or "Vera", COSPAR 2020-079K) was launched into space
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Published “The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence” in The Lancet — cited 11,345 times.
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2019· 1 entry
The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope was renamed the Vera C
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2016· 8 entries
Died 2016-12-25.
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“Each one of you can change the world, for you are made of star stuff, and you are connected to the universe.”
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Rubin died of natural causes at age 88 on the night of December 25, 2016.
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“I live and work with three basic assumptions, 1) There is no problem in science that can be solved by a man that cannot be solved by a woman. 2) Worldwide, half of all brains are in women. 3) We all need permission to do science, but, for reasons that are deeply ingrained in history, this permission is more often given to men than to women.”
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“How stars move tell us that most matter in the universe is dark. When we see stars in the sky, we're only seeing five or 10 percent of the matter that there is in the universe.”
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“It is well known that I am available twenty-four hours a day to women astronomers.”
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“Science progresses best when observations force us to alter our preconceptions.”
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“There is one alternative to dark matter, and that is the assumption that Newton's laws don't hold over distances as great as galaxies. But we know that Newton's laws hold over a very large domain. And virtually one hundred percent of the physics and astronomy community believes that there is matter in the universe that does not radiate.”
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2014· 1 entry
As Senior Fellow of Astronomy in the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism
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2013· 2 entries
Articles with her participation were still being published
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In the early 2000s, Vera Rubin was still actively engaged in scientific work, and in 2013 articles with her participation were still being published.
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2009· 1 entry
Awarded Women in Space Science Award (2009).
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2008· 4 entries
Awarded Clarivate Citation Laureates (2008).
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Awarded Richtmyer Memorial Lecture Award (2008).
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Robert Joshua Rubin, Vera Rubin's husband, with whom she had been married for about 60 years, died
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In 2008, Robert Joshua Rubin, Vera Rubin's husband, with whom she had been married for about 60 years, died.
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2004· 1 entry
Won James Craig Watson Medal (2004).
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2003· 1 entry
Won Bruce Medal (2003).
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2002· 3 entries
Awarded Gruber Prize in Cosmology (2002).
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Discover magazine recognized Rubin as one of the 50 most important women in science
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Published “Statistical Analysis with Missing Data” in Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics — cited 7,734 times.
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2001· 1 entry
Awarded John Scott Award (2001).
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2000· 1 entry
Published “Gene Ontology: tool for the unification of biology” in Nature Genetics — cited 36,995 times.
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1996· 3 entries
Awarded Weizmann Women & Science Award (1996).
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Won Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1996).
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Upon receiving the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society, the second woman to be so honored, 168 years after Caroline Herschel received the Medal in 1828
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1994· 2 entries
Awarded Dickson Prize in Science (1994).
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Awarded Henry Norris Russell Lectureship (1994).
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1993· 1 entry
Won National Medal of Science (1993).
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1992· 1 entry
Published “Inference from Iterative Simulation Using Multiple Sequences” in Statistical Science — cited 13,145 times.
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1987· 1 entry
Published “Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys” in Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics — cited 11,906 times.
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1983· 1 entry
Published “The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects” in Biometrika — cited 24,200 times.
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1981· 1 entry
Became only the second woman astronomer in its ranks (after her colleague Margaret Burbidge)
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1977· 1 entry
Published “Maximum Likelihood from Incomplete Data Via the <i>EM</i> Algorithm” in Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology — cited 33,264 times.
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1976· 1 entry
Published “Inference and missing data” in Biometrika — cited 7,499 times.
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1965· 2 entries
Despite the fact that the building did not have facilities for women
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As a staff member in the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism
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1963· 1 entry
By 1963, Rubin, working and with four children, was described as the sole member of Vassar's class of 1948 as having "come near to filling the Utopian aim of being a full-time professional in her field without, for the most part, putting her children into someone else's hands".
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1954· 2 entries
(under George Gamow, who was at nearby George Washington University), although much of her classwork was completed with Georgetownian Francis Heyden
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Concluded that galaxies clumped together, rather than being randomly distributed through the universe, a controversial idea not pursued by others for two decades
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1948· 1 entry
When her husband, Robert Joshua Rubin, was a graduate student at Cornell University, and she herself had recently graduated from Vassar
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1928· 1 entry
Born 1928-07-23.
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