The Chinese Muslim rebels were driven back, but the new White Flag army invaded Tonkin and laid Tụ Long abandoned by 1863, disrupting Vietnamese finance and the opium trade
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The Chinese Muslim rebels were driven back, but the new White Flag army invaded Tonkin and laid Tụ Long abandoned by 1863, disrupting Vietnamese finance and the opium trade
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Captured 2026-08-17 from Wikipedia. The archived copy is preserved so this citation survives link rot.