“in one area as they walked along, they sank in between five and eight inches”
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
- #wikipedia
- #quote
- #corroborated
- #www.washingtonpost.com

Figure timeline
Thomas Gold was an Austrian-born astrophysicist, who also held British and American citizenship. He was a professor of astronomy at Cornell University, a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and a Fellow of the Royal Society (London). Gold was one of three young Cambridge scientists who in 1948 proposed the now mostly abandoned "steady state" hypothesis of the universe. Gold's work cro…
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
science · Austrian astrophysicist (1920–2004) · astronomer · military flight engineer · astrophysicist · engineer · physicist · university teacher · biophysicist · geophysicist · academic · also Thomas Gold, Gold
Born 22 May 1920 · Died 22 June 2004 · Q93562
38 published statements · 0 followers
See & hear
5 photos
Media from Wikimedia Commons, hotlinked at the source under its own licence — see each file for author and terms.
Live now
Pulling headlines from trusted outlets — this usually takes a few seconds
Checking the wires…
Feed scan
These are live links, not archived citations — they only join the timeline once a collect run verifies and archives them.
Live pulse
Most recent outstanding titles, awards, and quotes
“in one area as they walked along, they sank in between five and eight inches”
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
NASA launched the first spacecraft, Europa Clipper, to study and sample whether one of the moons of an outer planet that Gold had pointed to as a prospect for deep life (Europa, a moon of Jupiter) might indeed harbor the
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
“In retrospect, it is not hard to understand why the scientific community has typically sought only surface life in the heavens. Scientists have been hindered by a sort of”
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
A study of gases and secondary carbonate minerals revealed that long-term microbial methanogenesis has occurred in situ deep within the fracture system of the crater (for at least 80 million years) and with an obvious sp
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Died 2004-06-22.
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
"Ignored for over 30 years, his research was rediscovered in the 1970s when physiologists discovered the tiny hair cells that act as amplifiers in the inner ear
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Obituaries laying out the breadth of his scientific inquiries appeared in a number of scientific journals
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Which expanded on the arguments in his 1992 paper and included speculations on the origin of life and on horizontal gene transfer
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
A paper published in the journal Social Studies of Science was titled, "Which Came First, the Fossil or the Fuel
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
“It was not coming up at a rate at which you could sell it, but it showed there was oil down there.”
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Approximately 900 barrels (140 m3) of drilling lubricant disappeared nearly 20,000 feet (6,100 m) into the ground, leading Gold to believe that the lubricant had fallen into a methane reservoir
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Won Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1985).
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Gold won the prestigious Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society, an award whose recipients include Fred Hoyle, Hermann Bondi, Martin Ryle, Edwin Hubble, James Van Allen, Fritz Zwicky, Hannes Alfvén and Albert Einst
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
For his paper "The Nature of the Lunar Surface: Recent Evidence" and the Humboldt Prize from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in 1979
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
And had recently concluded another faculty collaboration at Cornell: working with Carl Sagan in the writing of the television series, Cosmos: A Personal Voyage
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
And brought back the first samples of lunar rocks, researchers found that lunar soil was in fact powdery
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
A Cambridge radio astronomy postgraduate student Jocelyn Bell Burnell and her doctoral adviser Antony Hewish discovered a pulsing radio source with a period of 1
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Which was predicted by the Big Bang theory
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Awarded Fellow of the American Geophysical Union (1962).
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Awarded Richtmyer Memorial Lecture Award (1962).
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Gold suggested a "garbage theory" for the origin of life, thus constituting a kind of "accidental panspermia"
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Gold collaborated again with Fred Hoyle to show that magnetic energy fueled solar flares and that flares were triggered when opposite magnetic loops interact and release their stored energy
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Gold expanded on his previous prediction of a collisionless shock wave, arguing that solar flares would eject material into magnetic clouds to produce a shock front that would result in geomagnetic storms
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Discovered that Gold's theory held up to mathematical scrutiny by conducting a simulation using a shock tube
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Where he served as Professor of Astronomy (1957–1958) and Robert Wheeler Wilson Professor of Applied Astronomy (1958–1959) at Harvard University
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Predicted that the Moon was covered by a layer of fine rock powder stemming from "the ceaseless bombardment of its surface by Solar System debris"
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
To become the chief assistant to Astronomer Royal Harold Spencer Jones at the Royal Greenwich Observatory in Herstmonceux, Sussex, England
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
At a meeting of the Royal Astronomical Society, Gold proposed that the source of recent radio signals detected from space was outside the Milky Way galaxy, much to the derision of radio astronomer Martin Ryle and several
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Discussing the "steady-state theory" as an alternative to the Big Bang: one by Hermann Bondi and Gold, the other by Fred Hoyle
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Published two papers on his results; one described the theory and the other reporting the experimental results
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Proposed the now mostly abandoned "steady state" hypothesis of the universe
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Gold found that the degree of resonance observed in the cochlea was not in accordance with the level of damping that would be expected from the viscosity of the watery liquid that fills the inner ear
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
That generated intense microwaves for radar
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
And fled with his family to England after the German invasion of Austria in early 1938
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Gold and his family left Germany because of his father's heritage
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
And later advanced by George Gamow, which suggested that the universe expanded from an extremely dense and hot state and continues to expand today
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Born 1920-05-22.
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
In Vienna, Austria, to Max Gold, a wealthy Jewish industrialist (pre-war) who ran one of Austria's largest mining and metal fabrication companies, and German former actress Josefine Martin
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Connections