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Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 and the Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964. As leader of the Soviet Union, he shocked the world by denouncing his predecessor Joseph Stalin, embarking on a campaign of de-Stalinization, and presiding over the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962.
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politics · Leader of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 · politician · military personnel · revolutionary · also Nikita Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchov, Khrushchov, Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchyov, Khrushchyov, Khrushchev
Born 3 April 1894 · Died 11 September 1971 · Q35314
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1964-10-15 Khrushchev Resigns
Ru-Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev
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coup went off smoothly; Khrushchev felt betrayed by Semichastny, as he considered him a friend, not suspecting that he had joined his enemies within the Party. Khrushchev was then taken to the Kremlin, to be verbally attacked by Brezhnev, Suslov and Shelepin. He put up little resistance. Semichastny was careful not to create the appearance of a coup: I didn
capture, blaming the overflight on
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“coup went off smoothly; Khrushchev felt betrayed by Semichastny, as he considered him a friend, not suspecting that he had joined his enemies within the Party. Khrushchev was then taken to the Kremlin, to be verbally attacked by Brezhnev, Suslov and Shelepin. He put up little resistance. Semichastny was careful not to create the appearance of a coup: I didn”
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“capture, blaming the overflight on”
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VOA rated the claim ““Crimea formally part of Russia, as it has been since 1783 (until Khrushchev’s mistake).”” Misleading.
Shown as reported and rated by a fact checker, not as an established fact.
Lead Stories rated the claim “in 1959 Khrushchev predicted, "Your children's children will live under communism"” Misremembering.
Shown as reported and rated by a fact checker, not as an established fact.
Snopes rated the claim “Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev said: "We cannot expect the Americans to jump from capitalism to communism, but we can assist their elected leaders in giving Americans small doses of socialism, until they suddenly awake to find they have communism."” Unproven (retired).
Shown as reported and rated by a fact checker, not as an established fact.
VOA rated the claim ““Indeed it is arguable that without his prolonged visit to the U.S. in 1959, Khrushchev may not have been so willing to accommodate JFK during the Cuban Missile Crisis three years later in 1962 – the reason being that only in visiting the country or countries of his adversaries is a leader able t…” False.
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Almost 60,000,000 residents of the former Soviet Union still lived in these buildings
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Died 1971-09-11.
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“Opis: do radzieckich generałów w trakcie kryzysu kubańskiego.”
“Opis: do zachodnich dziennikarzy.”
The resolution was seen as a great defeat for the Soviets and contributed to Khrushchev's fall less than two years later
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“Opis: po śmierci słynnego aktora żydowskiego teatru, Salomona Michoelsa.”
“Lenin mawiał, że nadejdzie dzień, w którym złotem będzie się wykładać ściany publicznych szaletów.”
“Stalin odwrócił się do mnie i powiedział, „Dobrzy robotnicy na fabryce powinni dostać pałki, by móc zbić Żydów na kwaśne jabłko pod koniec dnia pracy…” Mołotow, Beria i Malenkow byli przy tym. (Ale nie Kaganowicz. Stalin nigdy nie pozwalał sobie na antysemickie uwagi w obecności Kaganowicza).”
“Opis: o Bolesławie Bierucie.”
“Rozmawiali o tym, kto wygra i kto przegra. Wygrał ludzki rozum. Wygrała ludzkość.”
“Opis: w rozmowie z amerykańskim politykiem, którego zapytał o rodzinne miasto (Minneapolis). W trakcie rozmowy Chruszczow groził użyciem broni jądrowej.”
“Próbowałem oddać Stalinowi sprawiedliwość i uznać jego zasługi, ale nie ma usprawiedliwienia dla jego, moim zdaniem, zasadniczej wady charakteru – jego wrogiego odnoszenia się do żydowskiego narodu.”
“If you start throwing hedgehogs under me, I shall throw a couple of porcupines under you.”
“Opis: podczas wystąpienia na Białoruskim Uniwersytecie Państwowym.”
Under the title Khrushchev Remembers
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Awarded Hero of the Soviet Union (1964).
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Awarded Hero of the People's Republic of Bulgaria (1964).
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Awarded Order of Georgi Dimitrov (1964).
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Awarded Order of the White Lion (1964).
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Awarded Order of Karl Marx (1964).
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Awarded Order of Sukhbaatar (1964).
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Awarded Order of the Nile (1964).
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Awarded Shevchenko National Prize (1964).
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Awarded Order of Lenin (1964).
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A special summer school was established in Novosibirsk to prepare students for the Siberian math and science Olympiad
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Khrushchev, impressed by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, persuaded the Presidium to allow publication
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Khrushchev divided oblast level Party committees (obkoms) into two parallel structures, one for industry and one for agriculture
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Awarded Order of Lenin (1961).
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Awarded Hero of Socialist Labour (1961).
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Awarded Miner's Glory 1st class (1960).
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As both the USSR and China used a Romanian Communist Party congress as an opportunity to attack the other
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“main-street Americans have begun to shake from fear for the first times in their lives”
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Awarded Lenin Peace Prize (1959).
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Was keenly aware of the need to emulate and even match American superiority and agricultural technology
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Amid cooler relations, the Soviets destroyed the device and papers instead
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Khrushchev announced a goal of overtaking the US in the production of milk, meat, and butter
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And Khrushchev took part in what later became known as the Kitchen Debate
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To 13,008 in 1960 and to 7,873 by 1965), monasteries, convents, and seminaries
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Khrushchev was impressed by the agricultural education program at Iowa State University, and sought to imitate it in the Soviet Union
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Mao refused proposals for military cooperation
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However, Khrushchev ordered a fierce attack on Boris Pasternak after his novel Doctor Zhivago was published abroad (he was denied permission to publish it in the Soviet Union)
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Khrushchev opened a Central Committee meeting to hundreds of Soviet officials; some were even allowed to address the meeting
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Career landmark: Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1958–1964).
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Awarded Time Person of the Year (1957).
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Awarded Order of Lenin (1957).
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Awarded Hero of Socialist Labour (1957).
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Khrushchev persuaded Stalin not to evacuate troops from Kiev
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As well as favorable outcomes in the 1956 Suez Crisis, 1957 Syrian Crisis, and the 1960 U-2 incident
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Khrushchev authorized the 6th World Festival of Youth and Students to be held in Moscow that summer
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“Nikita S. Khrushchev: The Secret Speech — On the Cult of Personality”
Was a signal for abandoning Stalinist precepts and looking at new options, including more involvement in the Middle East
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With Mao angered both by the Secret Speech and by the fact that the Chinese had not been consulted in advance about it
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“Opis: do Władysława Gomułki w trakcie rozmów między kierownictwem KPZR i PZPR w październiku 1956.”
Though Khrushchev called the novel "false at its base"
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And Stalin defenders led four days of rioting in his native Georgia in June, calling for Khrushchev to resign and Molotov to take over
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“Opis: do zachodnich dyplomatów w ambasadzie polskiej w Moskwie, 18 listopada 1956.”
Believing that the new ships would be too vulnerable to either a conventional or nuclear attack
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Khrushchev advocated an Iowa-style corn belt in the Soviet Union, and a Soviet delegation visited the U
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Awarded Hero of Socialist Labour (1954).
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Awarded Order of Lenin (1954).
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The Soviet leadership with Khrushchev transferred Crimea from the Russian SFSR to the Ukrainian SSR, a decision often attributed to Khrushchev's origin
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Career landmark: General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1953–1964).
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Khrushchev began a large-scale housing program for Moscow
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Mao Zedong sought material assistance from the USSR, and also called for the return to China of territories taken from it under the Tsars
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Career landmark: First Secretary of the Moscow Communist Party (1949–1950).
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Awarded Order of Lenin (1948).
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When Stalin realized he could not control Yugoslav leader Josip Tito
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Career landmark: First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine (1947–1949).
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Awarded Order of Suvorov, 1st class (1945).
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Awarded Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class (1945).
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And 1946, and especially heavy pressure on Berlin that led to the failed Berlin blockade in 1948
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Ukrainian industry was at only a quarter of pre-war levels, and the harvest actually dropped from that of 1944, when the entire territory of Ukraine had not yet been retaken
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Awarded Order of Lenin (1944).
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Awarded Order of Suvorov, 2nd class (1943).
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Awarded Order of Kutuzov, 1st class (1943).
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Khrushchev was on the Southwest Front, and he and Timoshenko proposed a massive counteroffensive in the Kharkov area
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Awarded Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1939).
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Khrushchev addressed the Fourteenth Ukrainian Party Congress, saying "Comrades, we must unmask and relentlessly destroy all enemies of the people
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Career landmark: First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine (1938–1947).
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Was sent to govern the Ukrainian SSR, where he continued the purges
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Confessed his own 1923 dalliance with Trotskyism to Kaganovich, who, according to Khrushchev, "blanched" (for his protégé's sins could affect his own standing) and advised him to tell Stalin
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“Opis: 29 stycznia 1937 w przemówieniu do tłumu zgromadzonego na placu Czerwonym po ogłoszeniu werdyktu w procesie „alternatywnego antysowieckiego centrum trockistowskiego.”
As the trials proceeded, Khrushchev expressed his vehement support:
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Awarded Order of Lenin (1935).
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Stalin began a campaign of political repression known as the Great Purge, during which many were executed or sent to the Gulag
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Became Party leader for the city and a member of the Party's Central Committee
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Career landmark: First Secretary of the Moscow Communist Party (1934–1938).
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“Opis: tuż przed śmiercią na temat swojej roli podczas wielkiego terroru w latach 1934–1939.”
Son Sergei in 1935, and daughter Elena in 1937
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Khrushchev again sought to further his education, following Kaganovich (now in the Kremlin as a close associate of Stalin) to Moscow and enrolling in the Stalin Industrial Academy
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Studied at Industrial Academy (1929).
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Khrushchev was transferred to Kiev, where he served as head of the organizational department, second-in-command of the Party organization there
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Kaganovich became Party head in Ukraine and Khrushchev, falling under his patronage, was rapidly promoted
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And Donetsk in 1961, was at the heart of one of the most industrialized areas of the Russian Empire
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Studied at Donetsk National Technical University (1922).
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The civil war ended, and Khrushchev was demobilized and assigned as commissar to a labor brigade in the Donbas, where he and his men lived in poor conditions
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As assistant director for political affairs for the Rutchenkovo mine in the Donbas region, where he had previously worked
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The new Russian Provisional Government in Petrograd had little influence over Ukraine
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Had a daughter, Yulia, and in 1917, a son, Leonid
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Khrushchev was exempt from conscription because he was a skilled metal worker
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Married Yefrosinia Pisareva, daughter of the lift operator at the Rutchenkovo mine
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Sergei Khrushchev moved to the Donbas city of Yuzovka; fourteen-year-old Nikita followed later that year, while Kseniya Khrushcheva and her daughter came after
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Born 1894-04-03.
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