“The honor of Islam is in the degradation of unbelief and the people of unbelief.”
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Muhammad Ahmad ibn ʿAbdallah
Muḥammad Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Faḥal was a Sudanese religious and political leader. In 1881, he claimed to be the Mahdi and led a war against Egyptian rule in Sudan, which culminated in a remarkable victory over them in the Siege of Khartoum. He created a vast Islamic state extending from the Red Sea to Central Africa and founded a movement that remained influential in Sudan a century later.
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politics · Sudanese religious and political leader (1844–1885) · politician · ulema · military leader · resistance fighter · slave trader · Sufi · also Muhammad Ahmad ibn ʿAbdallah, Muhammad Ahmad, Muhammad Ahmad bin Abd Allah, Mohammed Ahmed Mahdi, Muhammad Ahmad bin Abdullah bin Fahal, ʿAbdallah
Born 12 August 1844 · Died 22 June 1885 · Q298678
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2026· 2 entries
Vanguard News: Qorebox appoints pioneer PenCom DG Muhammad Ahmad as chairman
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2017· 1 entry
“The original aim of taking the jizya from [unbelievers] is for their degradation and this degradation [ought to be] to the extent that they cannot wear nice clothing for fear of the jizya ... and that they are always fearful and trembling ....”
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2010· 1 entry
“Fighting the unbelievers and treating them harshly is one of the requirements of religion.”
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1993· 1 entry
Includes his written works (letters, proclamations, sermons, prayers, legal rulings), approximately 1,000 in total, produced between 1881 and 1885
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1899· 1 entry
The Mahdi's supporters, the Ansar, established many of its theological and political doctrines
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1898· 1 entry
Muhammad Ahmad's tomb was destroyed to prevent it from becoming a rallying point for his supporters
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1885· 1 entry
Died 1885-06-22.
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1883· 2 entries
By Osman Digna, an Ansār captain in eastern Sudan
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The Ansār, armed only with spears and swords, overwhelmed a 4,000-man Egyptian force not far from El Obeid, and seized their rifles and ammunition
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1881· 1 entry
Claimed to be the Mahdi and led a war against Egyptian rule in Sudan, which culminated in a remarkable victory over them in the Siege of Khartoum
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1878· 1 entry
The two religious leaders had a dispute motivated by Sheikh Sharif's resentment of his former student's growing popularity
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1872· 1 entry
Muhammad Ahmad invited Sheikh Sharif to move to al-Aradayb, an area on the White Nile neighboring Aba Island
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1870· 1 entry
His family moved again in search for timber, returning to Aba Island
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1861· 1 entry
Sought out Sheikh Muhammad Sharif Nur al-Dai'm, the grandson of the founder of the Samaniyya Sufi sect in Sudan
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1844· 1 entry
Born 1844-08-12.
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