“in a personal God, let alone a Christian God.”
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Max Planck
Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck was a German theoretical physicist. He was awarded the 1918 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the services he rendered to the advancement of physics by his discovery of energy quanta".
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science · German physicist (1858–1947) · theoretical physicist · university teacher · physicist · philosopher · also Max Planck, Planck
Born 23 April 1858 · Died 4 October 1947 · Q9021
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2026· 28 entries
DongA Science: Charged Raindrops Corrode Coated Metal Surfaces, Max Planck Study Finds
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GCN: Face-to-face conversation is a coordinated joint action, not a simple word exchange, Max Planck review finds
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LCX Exchange: Planck Price Today: €0.000114 (-5.07%) | Buy PLANCK
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Max-Planck-Gesellschaft: Young Golden Eagles leave their parents’territory late - Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
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Global South Opportunities: Max Planck Institute Opens Applications for 2027 Dissertation Writing-Up Fellowships in Law and Anthropology
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Opportunity Desk: Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology Dissertation Writing-up Fellowships 2027
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KCH FM: Polillas detectan olores con sus alas, revela estudio del Max Planck
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Infobae: Más que volar: el inesperado hallazgo que realizaron científicos del Instituto Max Planck en las alas de las polillas
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Encyclopaedia Britannica: Planck | Cosmology, Cosmic Microwave Background, Observations
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ArchDaily: Galería de Centro deportivo para la escuela Max-Planck / Loewer + Partner Architekten - 18
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“Both religion and science require a belief in God. For believers, God is in the beginning, and for physicists He is at the end of all considerations … To the former He is the foundation, to the latter, the crown of the edifice of every generalized world view”
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American Nuclear Society -- ANS: Proxima Fusion signs MOU with Bavaria, RWE, and Max Planck IPP to build German stellarator power plant - American Nuclear Society -- ANS
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Max-Planck-Gesellschaft: Nature’s original bioplastic is food for animals - Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
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Medical Xpress: Max Planck Society
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The Times of India: When nature speaks in numbers: Can the Planck units unlock the theory of everything?
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Island.lk: Max Planck Foundation backs proposed Parliamentary Research Centre
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The Times of India: Quote of the day by Max Planck: 'Science cannot solve the ultimate mystery of nature. And that is because
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Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research: Solar Orbiter’s Measurement Campaign for the Solar Eclipse
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Encyclopaedia Britannica: Max Planck & the Birth of Quantum Mechanics
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ArchDaily: Galería de Centro deportivo para la escuela Max-Planck / Loewer + Partner Architekten - 5
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Max-Planck-Gesellschaft: Tiny Vortices Discovered on the Sun’s Surface - Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
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thedebrief.org: Max Planck eROSITA Team Releases the Most Comprehensive Census of the High-Energy Universe Ever Assembled
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asiae.co.kr: Seoul National University-Caltech and POSTECH-Max Planck Join Forces for 10-Year Joint Research with World’s Top Institutes
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Panamá América: Presidenta de la CSJ analiza el impacto de la justicia constitucional en el Instituto Max Planck
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Phys.org: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light
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Max Planck Society: New Max Planck Campus in Martinsried: Plans for a Research Site of the Future Take Shape
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as.com: Max Planck, Nobel Prize winner in Physics: “He who has gone so far as to stop being confused, has also stopped working”
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2025· 3 entries
Max Planck Society: New Max Planck Center with South Korea
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Datacenter Dynamics: Germany’s Max Planck Society eyes new data center in Munich
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Nature: Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology
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2024· 2 entries
Max Planck Society: The Max Planck Society: a powerhouse for Nobel Prizes
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The University of Chicago Chronicle: At Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, UChicago student unravels the mysteries of galaxies
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2016· 2 entries
Nature: Max Planck's other legacy
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C&EN: Max Planck Society Moves Stateside
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2014· 1 entry
Google celebrated Planck's 156th birthday with a Google Doodle on April 23
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2013· 1 entry
The Max Planck Florida Institute For Neuroscience opened in Jupiter, Florida
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2012· 3 entries
“↑ comciencia.br Max Planck e o início da Teoria Quântica. Acessado em 03/03/2012.”
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“↑ http://www.frasesypensamientos.com.ar/autor/max-planck.html frasesypensamientos.com.ar] Frases de Max Planck Predefinição:Es. Acessado em 03/03/2012.”
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“↑ groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk Uma história da mecânica quântica . Acessado em 03/03/2012.”
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2008· 1 entry
A special postage stamp and a 10-Euro silver commemorative coin were issued to mark his 150th birthday
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2007· 1 entry
“(Oft auch zugeschrieben als: "Die Naturwissenschaft braucht der Mensch zum Erkennen, den Glauben zum Handeln." - z.B. Grußwort von Bundespräsident Horst Köhler bei der 58. Jahresversammlung der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften, Kiel, 29. Juni 2007 )”
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1989· 1 entry
A Berlin commemorative plaque was unveiled at Planck's former residence in Berlin-Grunewald
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1983· 1 entry
The GDR issued a 5-mark commemorative coin to mark his 125th birthday
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1970· 1 entry
The lunar crater Planck and the adjacent valley Vallis Planck were named after Planck
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1968· 1 entry
“Lecture about the relationship between religion and science. Originally entitled Religion und Naturwissenschaft. Complete translation into English found in Max Planck: Scientific Autobiography and Other Papers (1968)”
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1963· 1 entry
“The philosophy of physics (1963), Página 97”
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1958· 3 entries
The Max Planck Society presented a bust of Planck, created in 1939, to the Physical Society of the GDR
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“Religion und Naturwissenschaft (1958)”
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A commemorative plaque was unveiled in the forecourt of the Humboldt University of Berlin
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1953· 1 entry
The German Post Office Berlin honored Max Planck with a 30-pfennig stamp in the series "Men from Berlin's History
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1949· 1 entry
“Scientific Autobiography and Other Papers (1949)”
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1948· 3 entries
“Wissenschaftliche Selbstbiographie. Mit einem Bildnis und der von Max von Laue gehaltenen Traueransprache. Johann Ambrosius Barth Verlag (Leipzig 1948), p. 22, in Scientific Autobiography and Other Papers, (1949), as translated by F. Gaynor, pp. 33–34, 97 (as cited in T. S. Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions). Translation revised by Eric Weinberger.”
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It was renamed the Max Planck Society, and today includes 83 institutions representing a wide range of scientific disciplines
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“Eine neue wissenschaftliche Wahrheit pflegt sich nicht in der Weise durchzusetzen, daß ihre Gegner überzeugt werden und sich als belehrt erklären, sondern vielmehr dadurch, daß ihre Gegner allmählich aussterben und daß die heranwachsende Generation von vornherein mit der Wahrheit vertraut gemacht ist." - Wissenschaftliche Selbstbiographie, Johann Ambrosius Barth Verlag, Leipzig, 1948, S.22”
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1947· 19 entries
Died 1947-10-04.
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“Bene o male bisogna risolversi a riconoscere una certa reale esistenza a questi quanti di luce.”
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“I regard consciousness as fundamental. I regard matter as derivative from consciousness. We cannot get behind consciousness. Everything that we talk about, everything that we regard as existing, postulates consciousness.”
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“Experiments are the only means of knowledge at our disposal. The rest is poetry, imagination.”
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“To believe in science, one must believe in the rationality of the world.”
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“Uma importante inovação científica raramente faz seu caminho vencendo gradualmente e convertendo seus oponentes: raramente acontece que 'Saulo' se torne 'Paulo'. O que realmente acontece é que os seus oponentes morrem gradualmente e a geração que cresce está familiarizada com a ideia desde o início.”
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“An important scientific innovation rarely makes its way by gradually winning over and converting its opponents: it rarely happens that Saul becomes Paul. What does happen is that its opponents gradually die out and that the growing generation is familiarized with the idea from the beginning.”
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“È impossibile ottenere il moto perpetuo per via meccanica, termica, chimica, o qualsiasi altro metodo, ossia è impossibile costruire un motore che lavori continuamente e produca dal nulla lavoro o energia cinetica.”
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“J. W. N. Sullivan(entrevistador): "¿Cree que la conciencia puede ser explicada en términos de la materia y sus leyes?.”
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“It is in no way possible, either by mechanical, thermal, chemical, or other devices, to obtain perpetual motion, i.e., it is impossible to construct an engine which will work in a cycle and produce continuous work, or kinetic energy, from nothing.”
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“Não é a posse da verdade, mas o sucesso que vem após a pesquisa, onde a busca é enriquecida por ela!”
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“Farsighted theologians are now working to mine the eternal metal from the teachings of Jesus and to forge it for all time.”
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“Max Planck: "No. La conciencia es fundamental. Considero que la materia deriva de la conciencia. No podemos abandonar la conciencia. Todo aquello de lo que hablamos, todo aquello que consideramos que existe postula la conciencia..”
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“[Alla notizia dello scoppio della prima guerra mondiale] È una grande soddisfazione potersi dire tedesco.”
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“É verdade, antes a física era mais simples, harmônica e, portanto, mais satisfatória!”
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“Io considero la coscienza come fondamentale, e la materia un derivato della coscienza. Non possiamo andare oltre la coscienza. Tutto ciò di cui discorriamo, tutto ciò che noi consideriamo come esistente, richiede una coscienza.”
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“O mundo externo é algo independente do homem, algo absoluto, e a procura pelas leis que se aplicam a este absoluto mostram-se como a mais sublime busca científica na vida!”
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“We have no right to assume that any physical laws exist, or if they have existed up to now, that they will continue to exist in a similar manner in the future.”
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“Una nueva verdad científica no suele imponerse convenciendo a sus oponentes sino más bien porque sus oponentes desaparecen paulatinamente y (son sustituidos por) una nueva generación familiarizada desde el principio con la (nueva) verdad.”
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1945· 1 entry
Awarded Goethe Prize of the City of Frankfurt (1945).
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1944· 3 entries
"As a man who has devoted his whole life to the most clear headed science, to the study of matter, I can tell you as a result of my research about atoms this much: There is no matter as such
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“Das Wesen der Materie [The Nature of Matter], a 1944 speech in Florence, Italy, Archiv zur Geschichte der Max‑Planck‑Gesellschaft, Abt. Va, Rep. 11 Planck, Nr. 1797; the German original is as quoted in The Spontaneous Healing of Belief (2008) by Gregg Braden, p. 212. "Geist", here translated as "mind" can also be translated as "spirit.”
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Planck's son Erwin was arrested by the Gestapo following the attempted assassination of Hitler in the 20 July plot
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1942· 2 entries
Wrote: "In me an ardent desire has grown to persevere this crisis and live long enough to be able to witness the turning point, the beginning of a new rise
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“Max Planck - Original Interview”
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1938· 1 entry
Planck celebrated his 80th birthday
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1937· 3 entries
Entitled "Religion und Naturwissenschaft" ("Religion and Natural Science"), Planck discussed religious symbols as representations through which believers approach God, while cautioning against treating these symbols as i
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Entitled "Religion und Naturwissenschaft" ("Religion and Natural Science") he suggested the importance of these symbols and rituals related directly with a believer's ability to worship God, but that one must be mindful
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“Die Naturwissenschaft braucht der Mensch zum Erkennen, die Religion aber braucht er zum Handeln." - Religion und Naturwissenschaft, Vortrag, gehalten im Baltikum im Mai 1937. In: Vorträge Reden Erinnerungen, Hrsg. Hans Roos und Armin Hermann, Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg 2001, ISBN 9783642625206, S. 170, Internet Archive”
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1936· 2 entries
His term as president of the KWG ended, and the Nazi government pressured him to refrain from seeking another term
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“Address on the 25th anniversary of the Kaiser-Wilhelm Gesellschaft (January 1936), as quoted in Surviving the Swastika : Scientific Research in Nazi Germany (1993) ISBN 0-19-507010-0”
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1933· 1 entry
Won Harnack medal (1933).
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1932· 2 entries
Awarded Guthrie Lecture (1932).
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“Where is Science Going? (1932)”
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1931· 3 entries
“O Universo na Luz da Física Moderna (1931)”
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“The Observer (London, England) (25 January 1931), p. 17”
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“The Universe in the Light of Modern Physics (1931)”
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1929· 2 entries
Won Max Planck Medal (1929).
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Won Copley Medal (1929).
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1928· 1 entry
Awarded Adlerschild des Deutschen Reiches (1928).
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1927· 2 entries
Won Franklin Medal (1927).
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Won Lorentz Medal (1927).
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1926· 1 entry
Awarded Foreign Member of the Royal Society (1926).
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1925· 1 entry
Awarded Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art (1925).
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1921· 1 entry
Won Liebig Medal (1921).
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1919· 1 entry
“Era una delle persone migliori che io abbia mai conosciuto [...] ma non capiva proprio niente di fisica perché durante l'eclissi del 1919, è rimasto in piedi tutta la notte per vedere se sarebbe stata confermata la curvatura della luce dovuta al campo gravitazione. Se avesse capito davvero [la teoria della relatività], avrebbe fatto come me e sarebbe andato a letto.”
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1918· 4 entries
Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics — in recognition of the services he rendered to the advancement of Physics by his discovery of energy quanta.
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Awarded Nobel Prize in Physics (1918).
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Awarded honorary member of the Physics Association (Frankfurt am Main, Germany) (1918).
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“Perfil no sítio oficial do Nobel de Física 1918 (em inglês)”
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1915· 1 entry
When Italy was still a neutral power, Planck voted successfully for a scientific paper from Italy, which received a prize from the Prussian Academy of Sciences, where Planck was one of four permanent presidents
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1914· 2 entries
Won Helmholtz Medal (1914).
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While his oldest son, Karl, was killed in action at Verdun
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1913· 2 entries
“Wer es einmal so weit gebracht hat, daß er nicht mehr irrt, der hat auch zu arbeiten aufgehört." - Neue Bahnen der physikalischen Erkenntnis, Antritt des Rektorats der Friedrich-Wilhelm-Universität Berlin, 15. Oktober 1913. In: Physikalische Rundblicke, Verlag von S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1922, S. 80, Internet Archive”
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“From Planck to Study (2 December 1913), (Autog. I/383, SPK); as quoted in The Dilemmas of an Upright Man : Max Planck As Spokesman for German Science (1986) by J. L. Heilbron, p. 67”
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1910· 1 entry
Einstein pointed out the anomalous behavior of specific heat at low temperatures as another example of a phenomenon which defies explanation by classical physics
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1908· 1 entry
Career landmark: Geheimrat (1908).
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1907· 1 entry
Was offered Ludwig Boltzmann's position in Vienna, but turned it down to stay in Berlin
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1905· 1 entry
Albert Einstein published three papers in the journal Annalen der Physik
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1903· 1 entry
“Treatise on Thermodynamics, 1903, Translated by Alexander Ogg”
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1899· 1 entry
Followed from what he called the "principle of elementary disorder", which allowed him to derive Wien's law from a number of assumptions about the entropy of an ideal oscillator, creating what was referred to as the Wien
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1898· 1 entry
To form the German Physical Society (Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft, DPG); from 1905 to 1909 Planck was the president
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1894· 1 entry
Planck turned his attention to the problem of black-body radiation
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1889· 1 entry
Planck was named the successor to Kirchhoff's position at the Friedrich Wilhelm University of Berlin – presumably thanks to Helmholtz's intercession – and by 1892 became Full Professor
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1887· 1 entry
In a series of treatises entitled "On the Principle of the Increase of Entropy"
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1885· 1 entry
Career landmark: professor (1885).
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1880· 1 entry
Planck became a Privatdozent (unsalaried lecturer) at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, waiting until he was offered an academic position
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1879· 1 entry
Planck summarized Clausius' writings, pointing out contradictions and inaccuracies in their formulation and then clarifying them
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1878· 1 entry
Jolly argued that physics was almost complete, being a "highly developed, nearly fully matured science, that through the crowning achievement of the discovery of the principle of conservation of energy will arguably soon
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1877· 2 entries
The possibility that the energy states of a physical system could be discrete)
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Planck went to the Friedrich Wilhelm University of Berlin for a year of study with physicists Hermann von Helmholtz and Gustav Kirchhoff and mathematician Karl Weierstrass
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1874· 2 entries
Studied at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (1874).
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Planck enrolled at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
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1867· 1 entry
The family moved to Munich, where Planck enrolled at Maximiliansgymnasium
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1858· 1 entry
Born 1858-04-23.
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1850· 1 entry
Rudolf Clausius formulated the so-called second law of thermodynamics, which states that a voluntary (or spontaneous) transfer of energy is only possible from a warmer to a colder body, but not vice versa
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