The New York Times: François Duvalier
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François Duvalier
François Duvalier, also known as Papa Doc, was a Haitian politician, dictator and physician who served as president of Haiti from 1957 until his death in 1971.
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science · President of Haiti from 1957 to 1971 · politician · physician · also François Duvalier, Papa Doc, Duvalier
Born 14 April 1907 · Died 21 April 1971 · Q187697
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Francois Duvalier
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Communism has established centres of infection... No area in the world is as vital to American security as the Caribbean...We need a massive injection of money to reset the country on its feet, and this injection can come only from our great, capable friend and neighbor the United States.
- Quote
I accept the people's will. As a revolutionary, I have no right to disregard the will of the people.
68%Wikiquote (en)Source
2026· 1 entry
2020· 1 entry
Real Dictators podcast, featured a three-part a biographical series on the dictator's life
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2018· 1 entry
Snopes rated the claim “Donald Trump sold a Trump Tower apartment to the brutal and corrupt former Haitian leader Jean-Claude “Baby Doc” Duvalier.” True.
Shown as reported and rated by a fact checker, not as an established fact.
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2007· 1 entry
John Marquis wrote Papa Doc: Portrait of a Haitian Tyrant, which relied in part on records from a 1968 espionage trial in Haiti to detail numerous attempts on Duvalier's life
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1971· 11 entries
Died 1971-04-21.
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And was succeeded by his son, Jean‑Claude, who was nicknamed "Baby Doc
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“Opis: niedokończony napis na murze okalającym cmentarz w Port-au-Prince, który nieznany nikomu przechodzień namalował pędzelkiem.”
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“Opis: przerobiona na potrzeby kultu jednostki Duvaliera Credo Kościoła katolickiego.”
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“Ojcze nasz, Docu, któryś jest dożywotnio w Pałacu Narodów, święć się imię Twoje dziś i w przyszłości. Bądź wola Twoja jako w Port-au-Prince, tak i pozostałych prowincjach. Nowe Haiti daj nam dzisiaj i nie odpuść win antypatriotom, którzy dzień po dniu plują na nasz kraj; wódź ich na pokuszenie, niechaj dźwigają ciężar jadu i nie zbaw ich od zła żadnego…”
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“François Duvalier umiał zapewnić sobie władzę, wykorzystując łatwowierność i przesądność haitańskiego chłopstwa. Jest on zjawiskiem społecznym sprzed okresu Oświecenia: tyranem, który, aby uzasadnić legalność swojej władzy, nie odwołuje się do rozumu czy zasad demokracji, lecz do mistycyzmu i sił nadprzyrodzonych. Przyjechawszy do Haiti, można się poczuć jak w średniowiecznej Europie.”
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“Duvalier to usposobienie energii. Niczym Napoleon Bonaparte, umie elektryzować dusze, pomnażać energię… Duvalier jest jednym z największych przywódców naszych czasów… Ponieważ Budowniczy naszej haitańskiej Ojczyzny łączy w sobie odwagę, męstwo, geniusz, dyplomację, patriotyzm i takt wszystkich tytanów starych i nowych czasów.”
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“God and the people are the source of all power. I have twice been given the power. I have taken it, and damn it, I will keep it forever.”
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“Bullets and machine guns capable of daunting Duvalier do not exist. They cannot touch me... I am already an immaterial being. No foreigner is going to tell me what to do! If the OAS claims the right to intervene because of repressive conditions, why don't they land troops in Alabama?”
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“I accept the people's will. As a revolutionary, I have no right to disregard the will of the people.”
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“Communism has established centres of infection... No area in the world is as vital to American security as the Caribbean...We need a massive injection of money to reset the country on its feet, and this injection can come only from our great, capable friend and neighbor the United States.”
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1969· 1 entry
Though several others by Haitian scholars and historians have appeared since Duvalier's death in 1971
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1967· 1 entry
Duvalier had nineteen officers of the Presidential Guard executed in Fort Dimanche
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1966· 2 entries
Duvalier hosted the Emperor of Ethiopia, Haile Selassie, in what would be the only visit of a foreign head of state to Haiti under Duvalier
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Persuaded the Holy See to allow him permission to nominate the Catholic hierarchy for Haiti
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1964· 2 entries
Published a catechism in which the Lord's Prayer was heavily reworded to praise Duvalier instead of God
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When he declared himself president for life after another sham referendum and election
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1963· 1 entry
And the constitution prohibited re-election, but the referendum sought to extend his term until 1967
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1961· 2 entries
“Opis: o sfałszowanych wyborach z 30 kwietnia 1961.”
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Duvalier began violating the provisions of the 1957 constitution
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1959· 2 entries
Duvalier created a rural militia, the Milice de Volontaires de la Sécurité Nationale (MVSN, English: Militia of National Security Volunteers)—commonly referred to as the Tonton Macoute after a Haitian Creole bogeyman—to
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Unleashing Tontons Macoutes on Port-au-Prince Cathedral, and began expelling foreign priests
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1957· 2 entries
Career landmark: President of Haiti (1957–1971).
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Duvalier exiled most of the major supporters of Déjoie
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1956· 1 entry
The Magloire government was failing, and although still in hiding, Duvalier announced his candidacy to replace him as president
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1954· 1 entry
Duvalier abandoned medicine, hiding out in Haiti's countryside from the Magloire regime
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1949· 1 entry
Served as Minister of Health and Labor, but when Duvalier opposed Paul Magloire's 1950 coup d'état, he left the government and resumed practicing medicine
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1946· 1 entry
Duvalier aligned himself with President Dumarsais Estimé and was appointed Director General of the National Public Health Service
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1943· 2 entries
Became active in a campaign to control the spread of contagious tropical diseases in Haiti
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Became active in a United States–sponsored campaign to control the spread of contagious tropical diseases, helping the poor to fight typhus, yaws, malaria and other tropical diseases that had ravaged Haiti for years
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1938· 1 entry
Duvalier co-founded the journal Les Griots
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1934· 2 entries
And spent a year at the University of Michigan studying public health
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And served as staff physician at several local hospitals
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1915· 1 entry
Inspired black nationalism among Haitians and left a powerful impression on the young Duvalier
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1907· 2 entries
Born 1907-04-14.
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The son of Duval Duvalier, justice of the peace, teacher and journalist, whose family came from Martinique, and Ulyssia Abraham, a baker
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1860· 1 entry
And thereafter staffed its Church hierarchy with European clerics, mostly French Bretons
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