“one to transmit his own handwriting to a distant point over a two-wire circuit.”
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Elisha Gray
Elisha Gray was an American electrical engineer who co-founded the Western Electric Manufacturing Company. Gray is best known for his development of a telephone prototype in 1876 in Highland Park, Illinois. Some recent authors have argued that Gray should be considered the true inventor of the telephone because Alexander Graham Bell allegedly stole the idea of the liquid transmitter from him. Gray…
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science · American electrical engineer (1835–1901) · inventor · engineer · also Elisha Gray, Gray National Telautograph Company, Gray
Born 2 August 1835 · Died 21 January 1901 · Q318449
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2026· 1 entry
2022· 1 entry
Published “Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis” in The Lancet — cited 14,130 times.
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2017· 2 entries
Published “GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral” in Physical Review Letters — cited 8,306 times.
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Published “QuPath: Open source software for digital pathology image analysis” in Scientific Reports — cited 8,412 times.
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2016· 2 entries
Published “The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship” in Scientific Data — cited 14,823 times.
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Published “Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger” in Physical Review Letters — cited 11,755 times.
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2012· 2 entries
Published “Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC” in Physics Letters B — cited 6,668 times.
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Published “Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC” in Physics Letters B — cited 6,807 times.
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2010· 1 entry
Published “Integrated Genomic Analysis Identifies Clinically Relevant Subtypes of Glioblastoma Characterized by Abnormalities in PDGFRA, IDH1, EGFR, and NF1” in Cancer Cell — cited 6,509 times.
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2007· 1 entry
Awarded National Inventors Hall of Fame (2007).
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2002· 1 entry
Published “Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer” in Nature — cited 8,646 times.
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1999· 1 entry
Published “A Proportional Hazards Model for the Subdistribution of a Competing Risk” in Journal of the American Statistical Association — cited 13,181 times.
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1996· 1 entry
Published “Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't” in BMJ — cited 11,119 times.
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1994· 1 entry
Published “The Neuropsychiatric Inventory” in Neurology — cited 6,347 times.
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1901· 3 entries
Gray died from a heart attack, originally diagnosed as neuralgia of the heart, in Newtonville, Massachusetts
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Died 1901-01-21.
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Officials gave the invention to Oberlin College
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1900· 1 entry
Gray worked on an underwater signaling device
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1899· 1 entry
Gray moved to Boston where he continued inventing
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1897· 1 entry
Won Elliott Cresson Medal (1897).
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1893· 1 entry
At the 1893 Columbian Exposition and sold his share in the telautograph shortly after that
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1888· 3 entries
Gray patented the telautograph, an analog precursor to the modern fax machine
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And continued in business as The Telautograph Corporation for many years; after a series of mergers it was finally absorbed by Xerox in the 1990s
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By attorney Lysander Hill who accused Wilber of allowing Bell or his lawyer Pollok to add a handwritten margin note of seven sentences to Bell's application that describe an alternate design similar to Gray's liquid micr
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1887· 1 entry
Gray invented the telautograph, a device that could remotely transmit handwriting through telegraph systems
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1886· 1 entry
Wilber stated in an affidavit that he was an alcoholic and deeply in debt to Bell's lawyer Marcellus Bailey with whom Wilber had served in the Civil War
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1876· 3 entries
Elisha Gray was granted US Patent for electro-harmonic telegraph with piano keyboard
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Gray's "Musical Telegraph" of 1876
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To redirect Gray's interest in the telephone
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1874· 2 entries
Gray gave the first public demonstration of his invention for transmitting musical tones and transmitted "familiar melodies through telegraph wire" according to a newspaper announcement
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Gray retired to do independent research and development
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1872· 1 entry
Western Union, then financed by the Vanderbilts and J
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1871· 1 entry
The Great Chicago Fire destroyed the city and its telegraph infrastructure, Gray & Barton was hired to rebuild it
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1870· 2 entries
Gray developed a needle annunciator for hotels and another for elevators
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Financing for Gray & Barton Co
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1869· 1 entry
Elisha Gray and his partner Enos M
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1867· 1 entry
Gray received a patent for the invention, the first of more than seventy
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1865· 1 entry
Gray invented a self-adjusting telegraph relay that automatically adapted to varying insulation of the telegraph line
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1862· 1 entry
While at Oberlin, Gray met and married Delia Minerva Shepard
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1835· 1 entry
Born 1835-08-02.
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