BBC: Europe targeted by spiralling campaign of sabotage - and Russia is the chief suspect
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Catherine II of Russia
Catherine II, commonly known as Catherine the Great, was the Empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796. She came to power after a coup d'état against her husband, Peter III. Her long reign helped Russia thrive under a golden age during the Enlightenment. This renaissance led to the founding of many new cities, universities, and theatres, along with large-scale immigration from the rest of Europe and the…
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politics · Empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796 · politician · monarch · art collector · aristocrat · also Catherine II of Russia, Catherine the Great, Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst, Empress Catherine II, Catherine II, Ekaterina II of Russia
Born 21 April 1729 · Died 17 November 1796 · Q36450
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2026· 8 entries
BBC: Russia hits Ukrainian security headquarters in drone attack, Zelensky says
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The Guardian: Russia strikes Ukraine intelligence HQ in ‘major escalation’
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“rights. This re-established the separate identity that Judaism maintained in Russia throughout the Jewish Haskalah. Catherine”
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Inquirer.net: Kuril islands: strategic chain at heart of Russia-Japan dispute
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TVGuide.com: Catherine the Great Trailers & Videos
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Encyclopaedia Britannica: Time-lapse of St. Petersburg, Russia
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Encyclopaedia Britannica: Take a guided tour to the Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg, Russia
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2006· 1 entry
“Letter to Denis Diderot, as quoted in The Affairs of Women : A Modern Miscellany (2006) by Colin Bingham”
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1997· 1 entry
Snopes.com rated the claim “Russian empress Catherine the Great died while attempting to engage in sexual intercourse with a horse.” False.
Shown as reported and rated by a fact checker, not as an established fact.
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1972· 1 entry
“Decree on Serfs (1767) as quoted in A Source Book for Russian History Vol. 2 (1972) by George Vernadsky”
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1944· 1 entry
Starring in it then and in subsequent productions
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1934· 1 entry
“L'imperatrice Caterina (1934)”
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1931· 1 entry
“Documents of Catherine the Great: The Correspondence with Voltaire and the Instruction of 1767 in the English Text of 1768 (1931) translations by W. F. Reddaway”
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1882· 1 entry
“Letter to Voltaire, as quoted in Short Sayings of Great Men : With Historical and Explanatory Notes (1882) by Samuel Arthur Bent, and Hoyt's New Cyclopedia of Practical Quotations (1922) revised and enlarged by Kate Loise Roberts”
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1859· 1 entry
“Quotes from Memoirs of the Empress Catherine II (1859) published by D. Appleton & Co., and The Memoirs of Catherine the Great as translated by Markus Cruse and Hilde Hoogenboom (2005) (hardcover, ISBN 0679642994; 2006 (paperback, ISBN 0812969871”
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1819· 1 entry
The 34-year-old Prince Nikolai Sergeevich Gagarin (London, England, 1784–1842) who took part in the Battle of Borodino (7 September 1812) against Napoleon, and later served as ambassador in Turin, the capital of the King
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1796· 34 entries
Died 1796-11-17.
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“No Man ought to be looked upon as guilty, before he has received his judicial Sentence; nor can the Laws deprive him of their Protection, before it is proved that he has forfeited all Right to it. What Right therefore can Power give to any to inflict Punishment upon a Citizen at a Time, when it is yet dubious, whether he is Innocent or guilty?”
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“1728—43 Peter III’s childhood and education...”
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“They raised the Prince for the throne of Sweden in a court that was too large for the country in which it was located and that was divided into several factions, which hated each other and vied to control the Prince’s mind, which each faction wanted to shape. As a result, these factions inspired in him the reciprocal hatred they felt against the individuals they opposed.”
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“1744 Catherine’s arrival in Russia...”
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“Citation du philosophe, écrivain et essayiste russe Alexandre Herzen.”
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“I like to praise and reward loudly, to blame quietly.”
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“Variant: I praise loudly. I blame softly.”
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“I will live to make myself not feared.”
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“Assuredly men of merit are never lacking at any time, for those are the men who manage affairs, and it is affairs that produce the men. I have never searched, and I have always found under my hand the men who have served me, and for the most part I have been well served.”
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“A great wind is blowing, and that gives you either imagination or a headache.”
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“Power without a nation's confidence is nothing.”
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“Como necesitamos de todos, hay que hacer cuanto se pueda por atraernos sus simpatías hasta conseguirlo.”
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“Più l'uomo sa e più perdona.”
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“Cualesquiera que sea el estilo que tengo, cualesquiera que sean mis facultades de razonamiento, todo lo he adquirido leyendo a Voltaire.”
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“Geschickte Ackerbauer und Handwerker sollen belohnt werden." - Instruktion”
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“Es una bestia feroz quien no comprende que las ideas no pueden combatirse a cañonazos.”
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“Los obstáculos en este mundo no tienen más objeto que ser vencidos por los hombres de mérito y están hechos para aumentar su fama.”
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“Caterina è entrata nella politica per mezzo dell'amore. Fu il suo destino d'unire perpetuamente questi due elementi in apparenza tanto opposti; fu arte, o fortuna sua, saper quasi sempre trar partito da una fusione a tanti altri nefasta. (Kazimierz Waliszewski)”
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“Lettre à Voltaire entre le 1er et 12 mars 1770.”
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“Di sicuro Caterina è sinonimo di affermazione femminile, female empowerment. [...] Era una donna colta, vitale, curiosa, anticipatrice. (Elle Fanning)”
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“Ha l'anima di Bruto e il fascino di Cleopatra. (Denis Diderot)”
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“Lettre au comte de Ségur.”
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“Your wit makes others witty.”
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“You philosophers are lucky men. You write on paper and paper is patient. Unfortunate Empress that I am, I write on the susceptible skins of living beings.”
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“It is better to be subject to the Laws under one Master, than to be subservient to many.”
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“The Intention and the End of Monarchy, is the Glory of the Citizens, of the State, and of the Sovereign. But, from this Glory, a Sense of Liberty arises in a People governed by a Monarch; which may produce in these States as much Energy in transacting the most important Affairs, and may contribute as much to the Happiness of the Subjects, as even Liberty itself....”
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“The Laws ought to be so framed, as to secure the Safety of every Citizen as much as possible.”
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“The Equality of the Citizens consists in this; that they should all be subject to the same Laws. This Equality requires Institutions so well adapted, as to prevent the Rich from oppressing those who are not so wealthy as themselves, and converting all the Charges and Employments intrusted to them as Magistrates only, to their own private Emolument....”
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“In a State or Assemblage of People that live together in a Community, where there are Laws, Liberty can only consist in doing that which every One ought to do, and not to be constrained to do that which One ought not to do.”
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“A Man ought to form in his own Mind an exact and clear Idea of what Liberty is. Liberty is the Right of doing whatsoever the Laws allow: And if any one Citizen could do what the Laws forbid, there would be no more Liberty; because others would have an equal Power of doing the same.”
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“The political Liberty of a Citizen is the Peace of Mind arising from the Consciousness, that every Individual enjoys his peculiar Safety; and in order that the People might attain this Liberty, the Laws ought to be so framed, that no one Citizen should stand in Fear of another; but that all of them should stand in Fear of the same Laws....”
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“The Usage of Torture is contrary to all the Dictates of Nature and Reason; even Mankind itself cries out against it, and demands loudly the total Abolition of it.”
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“That Law, therefore, is highly beneficial to the Community where it is established, which ordains that every Man shall be judged by his Peers and Equals. For when the Fate of a Citizen is in Question, all Prejudices arising from the Difference of Rank or Fortune should be stifled; because they ought to have no Influence between the Judges and the Parties accused.”
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1763· 1 entry
Awarded Royal Order of the Seraphim (1763).
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1762· 1 entry
Career landmark: Emperor of all the Russias (1762–1796).
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1729· 1 entry
Born 1729-04-21.
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