“On the Day of Judgement, the gravest crime standing to the German National Socialists”
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Arnold J. Toynbee
Arnold Joseph Toynbee was an English historian, a philosopher of history, an author of numerous books and a research professor of international history at the London School of Economics and King's College London. From 1918 to 1950, Toynbee was considered a leading specialist on international affairs; from 1929 to 1956 he was the Director of Studies at Chatham House, in which position he also produ…
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culture · British historian (1889–1975) · historian · university teacher · diplomat · philosopher · philosopher of culture · also Arnold J. Toynbee, Toynbee, Toynbee, Arnold Joseph, Arnold Toynbee, Arnold Joseph Toynbee
Born 14 April 1889 · Died 22 October 1975 · Q185381
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s association with Ikeda as a consequence of his old age, frailty and trusting nature. Challenge and response Toynbee presented history as the rise and fall of civilisations, rather than the history of nation-states or of ethnic groups. He identified civilisations according to cultural rather than national criteria. Thus, the
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2026· 4 entries
The Guardian: So many British people have it better than they think – it’s up to Burnham to make them see that | Polly Toynbee
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The Guardian: The right’s culture war over prostate cancer screening is damaging trust in medicine | Polly Toynbee
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The Guardian: British politics is fractured and chaotic – but at last it’s brimming with ideas for the future | Polly Toynbee
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2018· 1 entry
The Diplomat: Arnold J. Toynbee
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1987· 1 entry
'to contribute to the development of the social sciences, as defined from a broad historical view of human society and of human and social problems
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1984· 2 entries
“s association with Ikeda as a consequence of his old age, frailty and trusting nature. Challenge and response Toynbee presented history as the rise and fall of civilisations, rather than the history of nation-states or of ethnic groups. He identified civilisations according to cultural rather than national criteria. Thus, the”
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His granddaughter Polly Toynbee wrote an article for The Guardian attributing her late grandfather's association with Ikeda as a consequence of his old age, frailty and trusting nature
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1975· 1 entry
Died 1975-10-22.
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1973· 1 entry
Awarded doctor honoris causa from the Paris-Sorbonne University (1973).
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1971· 1 entry
And 1973, Toynbee met and corresponded with Daisaku Ikeda, president of the Soka Gakkai International
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1966· 1 entry
Writing that he was "neither pro-Turk or pro-Greek" on the subject, and on the grounds of Cyprus being 82% Greek and only 18% Turkish, Toynbee supported enosis between Greece and Cyprus, but with "compensation" being off
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1962· 1 entry
Appeared in New York in the same year in one volume under the title America and the World Revolution and Other Lectures, Oxford University Press
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1952· 1 entry
Argued that the Soviet Union had been a victim of Western aggression
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1947· 1 entry
With an article describing his work as "the most provocative work of historical theory written in England since Karl Marx's Capital"
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1946· 1 entry
Arnold and Rosalind divorced in 1946; Toynbee then married his research assistant, Veronica M.
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1941· 1 entry
And an International Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1949
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1936· 1 entry
To address the Law Society, Toynbee was invited to a private interview with Adolf Hitler at Hitler's request
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1929· 1 entry
Became Director of Studies at the Royal Institute of International Affairs (Chatham House), a post he held until 1956
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1925· 1 entry
Became Research Professor of International History at the London School of Economics
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1923· 1 entry
Toynbee supported enosis between Greece and Cyprus, as well as the cession of the Dodecanese by Italy to Greece, on the principle that all islands were majority Greek
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1921· 1 entry
And 1922 he was the Manchester Guardian correspondent during the Greco-Turkish War, an experience that resulted in the publication of The Western Question in Greece and Turkey
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1919· 2 entries
Backed Toynbee's appointment to the Koraes Chair of Modern Greek and Byzantine History at King's College, University of London, despite Toynbee's own warning that "[t]he chair should be held by ‘more of an active Philhel
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Where he helped shape the Treaty of Sèvres
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1915· 2 entries
At the Information Department of the Foreign Office, and in 1917 he published a memorandum with his colleague Lewis Namier which supported exclusive Jewish political rights in Ottoman Palestine
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Began working for the intelligence department of the British Foreign Office
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1912· 1 entry
Having returned from his travels, Toynbee was elected a fellow of his alma mater Balliol College, Oxford, and appointed a tutor in ancient history
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1890· 1 entry
His first marriage was to Rosalind Murray (1890–1967), daughter of Gilbert Murray, in 1913; they had three sons, of whom Philip Toynbee was the second.
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1889· 1 entry
Born 1889-04-14.
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