Public attention spiked: 3,816 Wikipedia readers in one day, 4.2× the usual 906, with 0 article edits.
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
- #attention
- #spike
- #pageviews

Figure timeline
Armand Hammer was an American oil tycoon, entrepreneur, and philanthropist.
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
business · American businessman (1898–1990) · art collector · businessperson · entrepreneur · also Armand Hammer, Armand Hamer, Armand Khammer, Hammer
Born 1 January 1898 · Died 10 December 1990 · Q363383
48 published statements · 0 followers
See & hear
5 photos
Media from Wikimedia Commons, hotlinked at the source under its own licence — see each file for author and terms.
Live now
Pulling headlines from trusted outlets — this usually takes a few seconds
Checking the wires…
Feed scan
These are live links, not archived citations — they only join the timeline once a collect run verifies and archives them.
Live pulse
Most recent outstanding titles, awards, and quotes
Public attention spiked: 3,816 Wikipedia readers in one day, 4.2× the usual 906, with 0 article edits.
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Public attention spiked: 6,023 Wikipedia readers in one day, 6.7× the usual 906, with 0 article edits.
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Public attention spiked: 5,688 Wikipedia readers in one day, 6.3× the usual 906, with 0 article edits.
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Public attention spiked: 3,562 Wikipedia readers in one day, 3.9× the usual 906, with 0 article edits.
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Uproxx: The Alchemist Reunites With Armand Hammer For A Second Album, ‘Mercy’
Yahoo: Armand Hammer, The Alchemist Deliver ‘Mercy’
Jazz: Armand Hammer
brooklynvegan: Armand Hammer share song ft. Benjamin Booker, doing 'BLK LBL' pop-ups in NY & LA; woods opening for Amen Dunes
Pitchfork: Armand Hammer Share Video for New Song “Doves” Featuring Benjamin Booker
Chicago Reader: Armand Hammer and Quelle Chris join forces for a hip-hop doubleheader
Stereogum: Armand Hammer Announce New Album, Only Available On Vinyl At Their Live Shows
Pitchfork: Armand Hammer Share El-P Produced New Song “The Gods Must Be Crazy”
brooklynvegan: Armand Hammer share "Trauma Mic" ft. Pink Siifu, announce tour
NPR: Armand Hammer Raps From Another Dimension. It's On Us To Catch Up
Stereogum: Armand Hammer & The Alchemist – “Black Sunlight” (Feat. KAYANA)
Died 1990-12-10.
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Awarded Four Freedoms Award – Freedom from Fear in Middelburg (1988).
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
When its oil rig, Piper Alpha, exploded, killing 167 men
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Won National Medal of Arts (1987).
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Forbes magazine estimated his net worth at $200 million
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Under Hammer's guidance, Gore Jr
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Awarded honorary doctor of the Paul Cézanne University (1981).
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Hammer was appointed by US President Ronald Reagan to serve on the three-member President's Cancer Panel and he later served as chairman of the panel from 1984 to 1989
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
With the support of the then-Prince of Wales, Charles, who was president of United World Colleges International
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
And became known as the Hammer Center
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
The fertilizer deal began functioning in the Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union, with the opening of the port and the Odessa plants near the former location of Grigorievka (Russian: Григорьевка, Ukrainian: Григорівка) at the se
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Hammer, as a non-citizen of the Soviet Union, received the Soviet Union's award the Order of Friendship of Peoples from Leonid Brezhnev because of his strong support of both the International Workers and Communist moveme
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
(Considine, authorized biography), 1985 (Bryson, coffee table book), Weinberg 1989, Blumay 1992, Epstein 1996, and Alef 2009; and two autobiographies (1932 and a bestseller in 1987)
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Armand Hammer announced a 35-year oil exploration agreement with Libya, the first such agreement signed by Libya after Muammar Gaddafi came to power in September 1969
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Libya nationalized 51% of Oxy's holdings in Libya
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Hammer returned to the United States through London and called Tim Babcock, Hammer's lobbyist for the Nixon administration, to have him arrange a meeting with Nixon through H
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Hammer traveled to Moscow arriving July 14, 1972, and, with Sargent Shriver as his legal advisor, negotiated the first trade agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union following Nixon's summit
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Which banned political contributions both anonymous and through another person
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
"under pressure" from various sources, Hammer donated an unusual amount to Nixon's second campaign: "He wished his substantial contribution to Nixon to be anonymous because he himself was a Democrat
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Career landmark: trustee (1968).
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Married the wealthy widow Frances Barrett, and they remained married until her death in 1989
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Hammer married a Russian actress, Olga Vadimovna von Root, who was the daughter of a czarist general
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Departed New York on his first trip to Soviet Russia as Allied Drug's representative in Soviet Russia
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
While waiting for his internship to begin at Bellevue Hospital, Hammer went to the Soviet Union for a trip that lasted until late 1930
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Hammer's intentions in the 1921 trip have been debated ever since.
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Martens was deported; he was returned to Soviet Russia in January 1921
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
A judge sentenced Julius Hammer to three and a half years in Sing Sing prison
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Federal agents witnessed Marie Oganesoff (the 33-year-old Russian wife of a former tsarist diplomat) entering Julius's medical office located in a wing of his Bronx home
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Ludwig Martens escaped and went underground, often hiding at Hammer's home
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Manufacturing and selling a ginger extract, which legally contained high levels of alcohol
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
And received his medical degree from the Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1921
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Born 1898-01-01.
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
And settled in the Bronx, where he ran a general medical practice and five drugstores
Text from Wikipedia, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Connections